RFID stands for Radio frequency identification. RFID is commonly used in access badges, for inventorying, and animal identification. RFID tags can be very small so you can put them almost anywhere for tracking purposes.
RFID uses radar technology. Radio energy is transmitted to the tag, which then powers the tag. The ID from the tag is then transmitted back. However, some RFID tag may be powered on their own. These are called active tags.
RFID has a similar purpose to barcode scanning. However, the advantage of RFID is that it doesn’t require direct line of sight, like barcode scanning requires.