With a domain set up you have a central database called the Active Directory Domain Services. You would then add all your users and devices to the domain. This allows users to authenticate into any device on the domain.
To add or remove devices from a domain, use the System applet in the Control Panel.
Joining to the Domain
First make sure you are running an edition of Windows that supports domain joining. This means you’ll need Windows Pro Edition or higher. For example, Windows Home edition does not support domain joining.
Next go to the System applet in Control Panel. Then select Change Settings under the Computer name, domain, and workgroup settings. From there, in the Computer Name tab, you’ll have the option to use a wizard to join a domain.