When you first get to a foreign computer for troubleshooting, you may not know anything about it. Therefore you can access the Windows System Information to quickly see what Windows version, edition, and service pack the computer has, how much memory is installed, what CPU, etc.
The hardware resources category allows you to view information such as memory, DMA, IRQs, conflicts.
The component category shows information about multimedia, display, input, network.
The software environment category has information on drivers, print jobs, running tasks, etc.
The System Information can be accessed by the command: msinfo32